The ability of Ma-MIMO, in particular, to improve spectral efficiency and throughput has turned it a powerful technology for emerging wireless standards. MIMO technology is integrating bandwidth, radios, and antennas to achieve higher speed as well as capacity for the incoming 5G. Massive MIMO (Ma-MIMO) further extends MIMO systems by using hundreds and thousands of antennas at BS to enhance throughput and spectral efficiency. Multi-User MIMO (MU-MIMO) is a MIMO system with one BS equipped with many antennas and provides service to more than one downlink user in a one-time slot. MIMO utilizes many dimensions that account for multiple antennas, multiple users, and time and frequency resources. The performance of communication systems has been enhanced thanks to the use of MIMO schemes. MIMO is the most promising and fascinating wireless access technology that is able to deliver the requirements of 5G and beyond networks. Therefore, a wireless access technology must improve the wireless area throughput without increasing the spectrum or densifying the cell to fulfill the essentials requirements of the wireless carriers. The spectral efficiency, which can enhance the area throughput, has remained essentially unchanged during the fast development in the wireless systems. Moreover, increasing the spectrum or densifying the cells increases the hardware price and latency. Unfortunately, such resources are scarce and are approaching their saturation level in near future. The main problem with the current wireless communication infrastructure is its dependence on either increasing the spectrum or densifying the cells to obtain the targeted area throughput. Second, potential RL and DL applications for different MIMO issues, such as detection, classification, and compression channel estimation positioning, sensing, and localization CSI acquisition and feedback, security, and robustness mmWave communication and resource allocation, are presented. We first briefly provide the necessary background to RL, DL, and MIMO. This article focuses on RL and DL techniques for MIMO systems by presenting a comprehensive review on the integration between the two areas. The recent success of RL and DL introduces novel and powerful tools that mitigate issues in MIMO communication systems. However, the most significant challenges in MIMO communication are substantial problems in exploiting the multiple-antenna and computational complexity. MIMO systems and their variants (i.e., Multi-User MIMO and Massive MIMO) are the most promising 5G wireless communication systems technology due to their high system throughput and data rate. Finally, the proposed multi-carrier system, MC-CDMA, and OFDM, has been implemented in FPGA after written by VHDL Language implemented in Xilinx ISE 14.1 and used Virtex-4 FPGA board, should be identical or close to the output of Matlab software environments.The current wireless communication infrastructure has to face exponential development in mobile traffic size, which demands high data rate, reliability, and low latency. Results achieved BER the best ratio around 91%, 83%, 78% compared with PSO, MMSE, LS algorithms respectively. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed channel estimation of the MC-CDMA and OFDM systems can significantly provide better BER performance compared with other techniques at different modulation types, Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) values, and channel length. The proposed channel estimator tested under fast fading channel in a multi-carrier communication system with and without interpolation methods. The simulation result of LS-PSO channel estimation use number particles for each single swarm used to find the best fitness solution is computed from the average BER value. The CE scheme based on a combination of Local Search and Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm was proposed. The Channel Estimation (CE) expressions derived as the objective function to study the effect of perfect BER in MC-CDMA/OFDM for a frequency selective Rayleigh fading environment. This thesis introduces two important modifications in OFDM transceiver. However, channel estimation is a very important role in overcoming the effect of channel fading's which caused BER degradation and jamming pilot symbols. In general, several benefits Multi-Carrier systems emerging it as an attractive standard for various digital data over radio systems. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and Multi Carrier-Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) systems are examples of multi-carrier wireless communication. It becomes a great revolution in the wireless communication and mobile Internet as an accelerating need to transfer data such as voice, image, message, video that faster and less expensive and less complex. The large and rapid development in the field of communications today represents one of the biggest interests of researchers.
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